1. Navigation light: It is an independent part of the ship lighting system and an important light signal to ensure the safe navigation of the ship at night. In any case, it must be ensured that it is bright to indicate the position, status, type, presence or absence of tugboats, etc. of the ship, so as to prevent misunderstandings of surrounding or passing ships and cause average accidents. Navigation lights are composed of fore mast lights, main mast lights, tail lights, starboard lights and front and rear anchor lights, which are used for night navigation of ships and to indicate the status and corresponding positions of ships. A dedicated navigation light control box or control panel is provided on the bridge, which is powered by the main switchboard and the emergency switchboard. Navigation light bulbs are generally 60W double-filament incandescent lamps. Each lamp is a double set, one of which is used as a spare and can be switched on the control box.
2. Signal light: It is the light sign of the ship under various special circumstances, especially when sailing at night, and it is one of the indispensable communication tools. The control of signal lights is generally concentrated on the helm and requires two power supplies. There are many types of signal lights. In order to meet the special requirements of ports and narrow water passages in some countries, the signal light settings of ocean-going ships are more complicated. These signal lights are usually installed on the special signal mast or radar mast on the top of the bridge, and installed in two or three rows according to the specified number (8 to 12) of all-round lights of red, green, white and other colors.
Common navigation lights:
(1) Mast light: It is a white signal light installed on the front and rear masts according to the international navigation rules. It is used to indicate the direction of the night sailing ship. It is placed above the centerline of the ship's fore and aft, higher than other lights, and displays uninterrupted lights in a horizontal arc of 225° within 22.5° behind each side of the ship from the front of the ship. white light. It is mainly used to display the dynamics and scale of the own ship and to distinguish the scale and dynamics of other ships, and is a visual device for judging the situation of ship encounter and approaching encounter.
(2) Side light: refers to the red light installed on the port side that emits uninterrupted red light within the 112.5° horizontal arc from the bow to the port when the ship is sailing, and the 112.5° light installed on the starboard side from the bow to the right when the ship is sailing. °A collective term for green lights emitting uninterrupted green light within a horizontal arc. The device is to make the lights display respectively within 22.5 degrees from the front of the ship to the transverse rear of each side.
(3) Tail light: refers to a white light that is placed as close as possible to the stern of the ship and displays uninterrupted light. A horizontal arc of light of 135° is displayed within 67.5° from directly behind the ship to each side. The visibility distances are 3 and 2 nmil as required by the captain respectively. It is used to display the dynamics of the own ship and identify the dynamics of other ships, and to judge the situation of the ship's cross encounter or overtaking.
